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Showing posts from May, 2022

Aliens hand syndrome

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  This syndrome is characterized by the belief that one's hand has an impact in their lives  and doesn’t belong to oneself. Individuals experencing alien hand syndrome have normal sensation but feel their hand is autonomous. Those with alien hand syndrome may personify the limb as a separate entity: The unaffected hand is under the individual’s control while the affected hand has its own agenda. This syndrome may occur in individuals who have damage to the corpus callosum, which connects the two cerebral hemispheres of the brain. Other causes include stroke and damage to the parietal lobe. The hands then appear to be in “intermanual conflict” or “ideomotor apraxia,” meaning they act in opposition to one another.

Capgras syndrome

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  This syndrome is named for Joseph Capgras, a French psychiatrist who explored the illusion of doubles. Those with Capgras syndrome  hold the delusional belief that someone in their life, usually a spouse, close friend, or family member, has been replaced by an impostor. It can occur in patients with schizophrenia, dementia, or epilepsy and after traumatic brain injury. Treatment approaches mirror those utilized for the underlying disorders and often include antipsychotic medications.

Stendhal Syndrome

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Those with Stendhal syndrome experience physical and emotional anxiety as well as panic attacks, dissociative experiences, confusion, and hallucinations when exposed to art. These symptoms are usually triggered by “art that is perceived as particularly beautiful or when the individual is exposed to large quantities of art that are concentrated in a single place,” such as a museum or gallery,  However, individuals may experience similar reactions to beauty in nature. This syndrome is named after 19th century. French Author  who experienced the symptoms during a trip to Florence in 1817. Stendhal syndrome may also be called hyperculturemia or Florence syndrome.

Diogenes Syndrome

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  The compulsive hoarding of rubbish and seemingly random items is the main feature of Diogenes syndrome  which is found mainly in the elderly and is associated with progressive dementia. Other characteristics include extreme self-neglect, apathy, social withdrawal, and a lack of shame. The syndrome is a misnomer, as it is named after the Greek philosopher Diogenes of Sinope. Diogenes was a Cynic who, according to the philosophy he helped found, rejected the desire for wealth, power, and fame, choosing to live free from all possessions. He found virtue in poverty, slept in a large ceramic jar, and sought social interaction.

Deperonalization

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  The separation from oneself, one’s surroundings, or both describes the altered state of depersonalization/derealization disorder. Patients who have this disorder feel they are observing themselves from outside their own body. They may also believe that things aren’t real, as though their surroundings are distorted or time is speeding up or slowing down. One or both of these tendencies can lead to depersonalization/derealization disorder. Symptoms must be persistent to qualify for a diagnosis 

Clinical lycanthropy

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  Clinical lycanthropy involves a delusion that the affected person can transform into an animal. It is often associated with turning into a wolf or werewolf; the name of the syndrome originates from the mythical condition of lycanthropy, or shapeshifting into wolves. People with clinical lycanthropy believe that they can take the form of any particular animal. During this delusion or hallucination, affected 

Kufungisisa

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Another cultural syndrome is Kufungisisa , or “thinking too much.” It is found among the Shona people of Zimbabwe. In many cultures, “thinking too much” is considered to be damaging to the mind and body, causing specific symptoms like headaches and dizziness. Kufungisisa involves ruminating on upsetting thoughts, particularly worries. As a cultural expression, it is considered to be causative to anxiety, depression, and somatic problems (e.g., “my heart is painful because I think too much”). As an idiom, it is indicative of interpersonal and social difficulties. “Thinking too much” is a common idiom of distress and cultural explanation across many countries and ethnic groups, including Africa, the Caribbean, and Latin America, and among East Asian and Native American groups.

Khyal menatl Illness

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  Khyâl Cap Khyâl cap or “wind attacks” is a syndrome found among Cambodians in the United States and Cambodia. According to the  Diagnostic a  common symptoms are similar to those of panic attacks, including dizziness, palpitations, shortness of breath, and cold extremities, along with symptoms of anxiety and autonomic arousal, such as tinnitus and neck soreness. These attacks are centered on khyâl, a wind-like substance, rising in the body and the blood, causing a range of serious effects. They may occur without warning, and these attacks usually meet the criteria for panic attacks.people often complain of these attacks. It involves a great fear that death might occur from bodily dysfunction. Khyâl cap is an example of a cultural syndrome, or a syndrome that tends to co-occur among individuals in specific cultural groups, communities, or contexts Somehow do you relate?

Unique Disorders

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  Factitious disorders:  Factitious disorders are conditions in which a person knowingly and intentionally creates or complains of physical and/or emotional symptoms in order to place the individual in the role of a patient or a person in need of help. Sexual and gender disorders:  These include disorders that affect sexual desire, performance, and behavior. Sexual dysfunction, gender identity disorder, and the paraphilias are examples of sexual and gender disorders. Somatic symptom disorders:  A person with a somatic symptom disorder, formerly known as a psychosomatic disorder  experiences physical symptoms of an illness or of pain with an excessive and disproportionate level of distress, regardless of whether or not a doctor can find a medical cause for the symptoms. Tic disorder:  People with tic disorders make sounds or display nonpurposeful body movements that are repeated, quick, sudden, and/or uncontrollable. (Sounds that are made involuntarily are c...

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

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  Post-traumatic stress disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that can develop as a response to people who have experienced any traumatic event. This can be a car or other serious accident, physical or sexual assault, war-related events or torture, or natural disasters such as bushfires or floods. It Takes Some Time To Heal Or Don't Heal At All...Can You Relate?

Disorders

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  Mood disorders:  These disorders, also called affective disorders, involve persistent feelings of sadness or periods of feeling overly happy, or fluctuations from extreme happiness to extreme sadness. The most common mood disorders are depression, bipolar disorder, and cyclothymic disorder. Psychotic Disorder :  Psychotic disorders involve distorted awareness and thinking. Two of the most common symptoms of psychotic disorders are hallucinations -- the experience of images or sounds that are not real, such as hearing voices -- and dilusions which are false fixed beliefs that the ill person accepts as true, despite evidence to the contrary. Eating disorders: Eating disorders involve extreme emotions, attitudes, and behaviors involving weight and food. Anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder are the most common eating disorders. Impulse control:   People with impulse control disorders are unable to resist urges, or impulses, to perform ...

Bipolar Disorder

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  Symptoms of bipolar disorder The changing moods do not follow any definite pattern when one has bipolar disorder. Some days the patient may feel a sudden switch in mood; it can be completely opposite. These mood swings can happen multiple times for months, weeks, or years. The gravity of the symptoms is different for everyone and may vary over time. At times, the symptoms are mild, while other times, they may be severe. Prevalent mania symptoms include (highs) Sudden switch from being joyful to being hostile and angry Restlessness Extreme excitement, hopefulness, and happiness Displaying poor judgment Loss of appetite Rapid speech Unusually high libido Poor concentration Being more impulsive Increased energy Making unrealistic plans Not feeling sleepy, even after a long day Alcohol and drug abuse Getting distracted easily Larger sense of well-being and confidence Prevalent depressive period symptoms include (lows) Fatigue Extreme sadness Not enjoying things once loved Feeling wor...

Schizophrenia

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  Main results Requires a medical diagnosis Schizophrenia is characterised by thoughts or experiences that seem out of touch with reality, disorganised speech or behaviour and decreased participation in daily activities. Difficulty with concentration and memory may also be present. People may experience: Behavioural:  social isolation, disorganised behaviour, aggression, agitation, compulsive behaviour, excitability, hostility, repetitive movements, self-harm, or lack of restraint Cognitive:  thought disorder, delusion, amnesia, belief that an ordinary event has special and personal meaning, belief that thoughts aren't one's own, disorientation, mental confusion, slowness in activity, or false belief of superiority Mood:  anger, anxiety, apathy, feeling detached from self, general discontent, loss of interest or pleasure in activities, elevated mood, or inappropriate emotional response Psychological:  hallucination, paranoia, hearing voices, depression, fear, pe...

Anxiety Disorder

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  Symptoms Common anxiety signs and symptoms include: Feeling nervous, restless or tense Having a sense of impending danger, panic or doom Having an increased heart rate Breathing rapidly (hyperventilation) Sweating Trembling Feeling weak or tired Trouble concentrating or thinking about anything other than the present worry Having trouble sleeping Experiencing gastrointestinal (GI) problems Having difficulty controlling worry Having the urge to avoid things that trigger anxiety Several types of anxiety disorders exist: Agoraphobia  (ag-uh-ruh-FOE-be-uh) is a type of anxiety disorder in which you fear and often avoid places or situations that might cause you to panic and make you feel trapped, helpless or embarrassed. Anxiety disorder due to a medical condition  includes symptoms of intense anxiety or panic that are directly caused by a physical health problem. Generalized anxiety disorder  includes persistent and excessive anxiety and worry about activities or events...